2016 Waec Gce Biology Answers

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1a)Plants take in some compounds like carbon dioxide
through their leaves. They absorb some other materials such
as compounds of nitrogen, phosphorus, etc., from the soil
through their roots.
the transport system consists of tube like passages made up
of vascular tissue. There are two types of vascular tissues in
plants—xylem and phloem.
The vascular wapbase.org system extends from the roots
through the stem and continues up to the leaves. In the leaves
it is clearly seen as a pattern of veins. Water and minerals are
transported from the roots upwards through the xylem tubes.
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2a)
Enzyme is a substance produced by a living organism which
acts as a catalyst to bring about a specific biochemical
reaction.
2aii)
i)all enzymes are proteins.
ii)Enzymes possess great catalytic power.
iii)Enzymes are highy specific.
iv)Enzymes show varying degree of specificities.
v)Absolute specificity where the enzyme sreact specifically
with only one substrate.
2b)
Pancreatic fluid or juice contains digestive enzymes that pass
to the small intestine where they help to further
break down the carbohydrates, proteins,
and lipids (fats) in the chyme. Pancreatic
juice is a liquid secreted by the pancreas,
which contains a variety of enzymes
including trypsinogen,chymotrypsinogen, elastase,
wapbase.org carboxypeptidase, pancreatic lipase,
nucleases,andamylase.Pancreatic juice is alkaline in nature
due to the high concentration of bicarbonate ions. This is
useful in neutralizing the acidic gastric acid, allowing for
effective enzymic action.
2c)
most importantly,sun provides vitamin D which helps the
body absorb the minerals calcium and phosphorus from the
food that the boy eat, which is important for bone health.
While milk is the main source of dietary calcium. Calcium is
a major bone mineral, mandatory for bone health.
2d)
i)Photosynthesis conducted by plants is also an important
part of the carbon cycle.
ii)It releases oxygen needed for breathing
iii)It serves as source of food manufacturing for human rights
iv)It provides sources for fuel through plants
v)it help to balance the ecosystem
(2di) Vitamin A (retinol)
(2dii) Egss, Fish, Milk
(2e)
- It helps in manufacturing body temperature
- It provides more energy
- It supplies essential fatty acid to human body
(2f)
- Insulin
- Glycogen
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Q.3ai. Microorganisms
bacteria,
fungi,
viruses,
Q.3aii.
Fungi eg zygomycota
Bacteria eg streptococcus
Viruses eg HIV
Q3b
light
Water pressure,
currents,
temperature
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6a)
i)mimicry is a similarity of one species to another that
protects one or both.
An example of this is the cuckoo bee.
ii)Camouflage is the structural adaption that enables specie s
to blend with their
surroundings; allows a species to avoid
detection by predators.
6b)
i)Their legs are adapted for running
ii)They adapts the leathery forewings as
temina to provide a protective cover for the second set of
wings.
iii)they evolved mandibles to bite and chew solid food.
6c)
i)It reduces the quality and quantity of the crops
ii)it reduces their productivity
6d)
i)by refrigerating
ii)by salting
iii)by drying
iv)by the use of silos
6e)
i)in medicine
ii)in crime detection
(6g) Genetic variation is useful to plants for the
following reason
- In knowing the gene variation
- For cross breeding
(6h) Convergent evolution is defined as the sum
total of adaptive changes from pre-exisitng orold
form that have taken place over a long time,
resulting in diversity
(6hii)
- Evidence form comparative anatomy
- Vestigal organs

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